Vaccines typically require years of research before getting approved and being used. As of February 10, 2021 researchers are testing 69 vaccines in clinical trials on humans, and 20 are in the final stages of testing. There are 89 vaccines in preclinical stage and are being active tested in animals. (ref: The New York Times: coronavirus vaccine tracker)

Phase	Status	number of vaccines
PHASE 1	Vaccines testing safety and dosage	37
PHASE 2	Vaccines in expanded safety trials	27
PHASE 3	Vaccines in large-scale efficacy tests	20
AUTHORIZED	Vaccines in early or  limited use	6
APPROVED	Vaccines approved for full use	4
ABANDONED	Vaccines abandoned after trials	4

You can read more about the vaccine testing phases in here.

You can read more about leading coronavirus vaccines in here.